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Sir Pierre Louis Napoleon Cavagnari (1841–79) was a French-born army and political officer who joined the army of the East India Company in 1858 and held a variety of military and political posts in India up until the time of his death. During the Second Anglo-Afghan War (1878–80), he negotiated the Treaty of Gandamak (signed May 26, 1879), which ended the first phase of the war. Under the terms of the agreement, the government of the new ruler of Afghanistan, Ya‘qub Khan, was obliged to receive a ...